Features of .NET Platform are :-
Common Language Runtime
Explains the features and benefits of the common language runtime, a runtime
environment that manages the execution of code and provides services
that simplify the development process.
Assemblies
Defines the concept of assemblies, which are collections of types and
resources that form logical units of functionality. Assemblies are the
fundamental units of deployment, version control, reuse, activation scoping,
and security permissions.
Application Domains
Explains how to use application domains to provide isolation between
applications.
Runtime Hosts
Describes the runtime hosts supported by the .NET Framework, including
ASP.NET, Internet Explorer, and shell executables.
Common Type System
Identifies the types supported by the common language runtime.
Metadata and Self-Describing Components
Explains how the .NET Framework simplifies component interoperation by
allowing compilers to emit additional declarative information, or metadata,
into all modules and assemblies.
Cross-Language Interoperability
Explains how managed objects created in different programming languages
can interact with one another.
.NET Framework Security
Describes mechanisms for protecting resources and code from unauthorized
code and unauthorized users.
.NET Framework Class Library
Introduces the library of types provided by the .NET Framework, which
expedites and optimizes the development process and gives you access to
system functionality.
Sunday, September 16, 2012
Difference Betwee Struct and Class
What is the difference between a Struct and a Class ?
The struct type is suitable for representing lightweight objects such as Point,
Rectangle, and Color. Although it is possible to represent a point as a class, a
struct is more efficient in some scenarios. For example, if you declare an
array of 1000 Point objects,
you will allocate additional memory for referencing each object. In this case,
the struct is less expensive.
When you create a struct object using the new operator, it gets created and
the appropriate constructor is called. Unlike classes, structs can be
instantiated without using the new operator. If you do not use new, the fields
will remain unassigned and the object cannot be used until all of the fields
are initialized. It is an error to declare a default (parameterless) constructor
for a struct. A default constructor is always provided to initialize the struct
members to their default values.
It is an error to initialize an instance field in a struct.
There is no inheritance for structs as there is for classes. A struct cannot
inherit from another struct or class, and it cannot be the base of a class.
Structs, however, inherit from the base class Object. A struct can implement
interfaces, and it does that exactly as classes do.
A struct is a value type, while a class is a reference type.
The struct type is suitable for representing lightweight objects such as Point,
Rectangle, and Color. Although it is possible to represent a point as a class, a
struct is more efficient in some scenarios. For example, if you declare an
array of 1000 Point objects,
you will allocate additional memory for referencing each object. In this case,
the struct is less expensive.
When you create a struct object using the new operator, it gets created and
the appropriate constructor is called. Unlike classes, structs can be
instantiated without using the new operator. If you do not use new, the fields
will remain unassigned and the object cannot be used until all of the fields
are initialized. It is an error to declare a default (parameterless) constructor
for a struct. A default constructor is always provided to initialize the struct
members to their default values.
It is an error to initialize an instance field in a struct.
There is no inheritance for structs as there is for classes. A struct cannot
inherit from another struct or class, and it cannot be the base of a class.
Structs, however, inherit from the base class Object. A struct can implement
interfaces, and it does that exactly as classes do.
A struct is a value type, while a class is a reference type.
dot Net Deployment Questions
What do you know about .NET assemblies? Assemblies are the
smallest units of versioning and deployment in the .NET application.
Assemblies are also the building blocks for programs such as Web
services, Windows services, serviced components, and .NET remoting
applications.
2. What’s the difference between private and shared assembly?
Private assembly is used inside an application only and does not have
to be identified by a strong name. Shared assembly can be used by
multiple applications and has to have a strong name.
3. What’s a strong name? A strong name includes the name of the
assembly, version number, culture identity, and a public key token.
4. How can you tell the application to look for assemblies at the
locations other than its own install? Use the
directive in the XML .config file for a given application.
should do the trick. Or you can add additional search paths in the
Properties box of the deployed application.
5. How can you debug failed assembly binds? Use the Assembly
Binding Log Viewer (fuslogvw.exe) to find out the paths searched.
6. Where are shared assemblies stored? Global assembly cache.
7. How can you create a strong name for a .NET assembly? With
the help of Strong Name tool (sn.exe).
8. Where’s global assembly cache located on the system? Usually
C:\winnt\assembly or C:\windows\assembly.
9. Can you have two files with the same file name in GAC? Yes,
remember that GAC is a very special folder, and while normally you
smallest units of versioning and deployment in the .NET application.
Assemblies are also the building blocks for programs such as Web
services, Windows services, serviced components, and .NET remoting
applications.
2. What’s the difference between private and shared assembly?
Private assembly is used inside an application only and does not have
to be identified by a strong name. Shared assembly can be used by
multiple applications and has to have a strong name.
3. What’s a strong name? A strong name includes the name of the
assembly, version number, culture identity, and a public key token.
4. How can you tell the application to look for assemblies at the
locations other than its own install? Use the
directive in the XML .config file for a given application.
should do the trick. Or you can add additional search paths in the
Properties box of the deployed application.
5. How can you debug failed assembly binds? Use the Assembly
Binding Log Viewer (fuslogvw.exe) to find out the paths searched.
6. Where are shared assemblies stored? Global assembly cache.
7. How can you create a strong name for a .NET assembly? With
the help of Strong Name tool (sn.exe).
8. Where’s global assembly cache located on the system? Usually
C:\winnt\assembly or C:\windows\assembly.
9. Can you have two files with the same file name in GAC? Yes,
remember that GAC is a very special folder, and while normally you
DotNet Generics Qutions
.NET generics work great for container classes. But what about other uses?
Well, it turns out that .NET generics have a major limitation - they require
the type parameter to be constrained. For example, you cannot do this:
static class Disposer
{
public static void Dispose(T obj) { obj.Dispose(); }
}
The C# compiler will refuse to compile this code, as the type T has not been
constrained, and therefore only supports the methods of System.Object.
Dispose is not a method on System.Object, so the compilation fails. To fix
this code, we need to add a where clause, to reassure the compiler that our
type T does indeed have a Dispose method
static class Disposer where T : IDisposable
{
public static void Dispose(T obj) { obj.Dispose(); }
}
The problem is that the requirement for explicit contraints is very limiting.
We can use constraints to say that T implements a particular interface, but
we can't dilute that to simply say that T implements a particular method.
Contrast this with C++ templates (for example), where no constraint at all is
required - it is assumed (and verified at compile time) that if the code
Well, it turns out that .NET generics have a major limitation - they require
the type parameter to be constrained. For example, you cannot do this:
static class Disposer
{
public static void Dispose(T obj) { obj.Dispose(); }
}
The C# compiler will refuse to compile this code, as the type T has not been
constrained, and therefore only supports the methods of System.Object.
Dispose is not a method on System.Object, so the compilation fails. To fix
this code, we need to add a where clause, to reassure the compiler that our
type T does indeed have a Dispose method
static class Disposer
{
public static void Dispose(T obj) { obj.Dispose(); }
}
The problem is that the requirement for explicit contraints is very limiting.
We can use constraints to say that T implements a particular interface, but
we can't dilute that to simply say that T implements a particular method.
Contrast this with C++ templates (for example), where no constraint at all is
required - it is assumed (and verified at compile time) that if the code
Dot Net Assemblies Qutions
What is an assembly?
An assembly is sometimes described as a logical .EXE or .DLL, and can be an
application (with a main entry point) or a library. An assembly consists of
one or more files (dlls, exes, html files etc), and represents a group of
resources, type definitions, and implementations of those types. An assembly
may also contain references to other assemblies. These resources, types and
references are described in a block of data called a manifest. The manifest is
part of the assembly, thus making the assembly self-describing.
An important aspect of assemblies is that they are part of the identity of a
type. The identity of a type is the assembly that houses it combined with the
type name. This means, for example, that if assembly A exports a type called
T, and assembly B exports a type called T, the .NET runtime sees these as
two completely different types. Furthermore, don't get confused between
assemblies and namespaces - namespaces are merely a hierarchical way of
organising type names. To the runtime, type names are type names,
regardless of whether namespaces are used to organise the names. It's the
assembly plus the typename (regardless of whether the type name belongs
to a namespace) that uniquely indentifies a type to the runtime.
Assemblies are also important in .NET with respect to security - many of the
security restrictions are enforced at the assembly boundary.
Finally, assemblies are the unit of versioning in .NET - more on this below.
An assembly is sometimes described as a logical .EXE or .DLL, and can be an
application (with a main entry point) or a library. An assembly consists of
one or more files (dlls, exes, html files etc), and represents a group of
resources, type definitions, and implementations of those types. An assembly
may also contain references to other assemblies. These resources, types and
references are described in a block of data called a manifest. The manifest is
part of the assembly, thus making the assembly self-describing.
An important aspect of assemblies is that they are part of the identity of a
type. The identity of a type is the assembly that houses it combined with the
type name. This means, for example, that if assembly A exports a type called
T, and assembly B exports a type called T, the .NET runtime sees these as
two completely different types. Furthermore, don't get confused between
assemblies and namespaces - namespaces are merely a hierarchical way of
organising type names. To the runtime, type names are type names,
regardless of whether namespaces are used to organise the names. It's the
assembly plus the typename (regardless of whether the type name belongs
to a namespace) that uniquely indentifies a type to the runtime.
Assemblies are also important in .NET with respect to security - many of the
security restrictions are enforced at the assembly boundary.
Finally, assemblies are the unit of versioning in .NET - more on this below.
dotnet interview qutions
Dot net Frame work:
What is 1.1. NET?
. NET platform is a general purpose software development, similar to Java. in
Essential ICT is a virtual machine that turns intermediate language (IL) in
machine code. High-level language compilers for C #, VB.NET and C + + are
Always turn source code into IL. C # is a programming language,
very similar to Java. An extensive class library is included with all
features one would expect from a contemporary development platform -
windows GUI development (Windows Form s), database access (ADO.NET)
web development (ASP.NET), web services, XML etc..
1.2 When was. Advertised NET?
Bill Gates delivered the inaugural Forum 2000 Place: June 22, 2000, Outline
NET. "Vision". July 2000 PDC had a segment. NET
CDs of technology, and the delegate containing access were given a pre-release version
frame. NET / SDK and Visual Studio.NET.
1.3 What versions. NET there?
The final version of the 1.0 SDK and runtime was made public
around 6pm PST on 15-Jan-2002. At the same time, the final version of
Visual Studio.NET was made available to MSDN subscribers.
. NET 1.1 was released in April 2003 - is mostly bug fixes for 1.0.
. NET 2.0 is expected for 2005.
1.4 What operating systems framework. NET run?
The runtime supports Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, Windows 2000,
NT4 SP6a and Windows Me/98. Windows 95 is not supported. Some parts of
the framework do not work on all platforms - for example, ASP.NET is only
compatible with XP and Windows 2000/2003. Windows 98/ME can not be used
development.
IIS does not support Windows XP Home Edition, and therefore can not be used to
ASP.NET headquarters. However, the ASP.NET Web Matrix web server run on Windows XP Does
Home.
Him NET Compact Framework is a version of the Framework. NET Mobile
devices running Windows CE or Windows Mobile.
The version of the Mono project HAS Framework. NET running on
Linux.
What is 1.1. NET?
. NET platform is a general purpose software development, similar to Java. in
Essential ICT is a virtual machine that turns intermediate language (IL) in
machine code. High-level language compilers for C #, VB.NET and C + + are
Always turn source code into IL. C # is a programming language,
very similar to Java. An extensive class library is included with all
features one would expect from a contemporary development platform -
windows GUI development (Windows Form s), database access (ADO.NET)
web development (ASP.NET), web services, XML etc..
1.2 When was. Advertised NET?
Bill Gates delivered the inaugural Forum 2000 Place: June 22, 2000, Outline
NET. "Vision". July 2000 PDC had a segment. NET
CDs of technology, and the delegate containing access were given a pre-release version
frame. NET / SDK and Visual Studio.NET.
1.3 What versions. NET there?
The final version of the 1.0 SDK and runtime was made public
around 6pm PST on 15-Jan-2002. At the same time, the final version of
Visual Studio.NET was made available to MSDN subscribers.
. NET 1.1 was released in April 2003 - is mostly bug fixes for 1.0.
. NET 2.0 is expected for 2005.
1.4 What operating systems framework. NET run?
The runtime supports Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, Windows 2000,
NT4 SP6a and Windows Me/98. Windows 95 is not supported. Some parts of
the framework do not work on all platforms - for example, ASP.NET is only
compatible with XP and Windows 2000/2003. Windows 98/ME can not be used
development.
IIS does not support Windows XP Home Edition, and therefore can not be used to
ASP.NET headquarters. However, the ASP.NET Web Matrix web server run on Windows XP Does
Home.
Him NET Compact Framework is a version of the Framework. NET Mobile
devices running Windows CE or Windows Mobile.
The version of the Mono project HAS Framework. NET running on
Linux.
Friday, September 14, 2012
isu goles
what is is-u goals ?
->The integration of IS-U/CCS into the SAP environment
->The IS-U/CCS master data structure
->How basic IS-U/CCS functions are used most efficiently
->How the system is used most effectively in daily business.
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